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Introduction: Teeth are the hardest tissue known to resist mechanical and physical stresses, chemical destruction. Odontometric study assists in forensic and anthropological investigation to estimate gender. Among all the teeth, canine shows greatest sexual dimorphism.

Objective: To compare the dimensions of maxillary and mandibular canine for gender determination.

Methodology: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2022 to January 2023 in the Dental Department of Dhulikhel Hospital. A total of 60 individuals were included in the study. Data collection included measurements of mesiodistal width of maxillary and mandibular canine and intercanine distance using digital vernier calipers. Participants were enrolled after their written consent only. Convenience Sampling was used to select participants and data analysis was done using SPSS 25 software. Mean and Standard Deviation were calculated, and inferential statistics chi square test was done to evaluate gender prediction.

Result: The identification of sex using the right mandibular canine index was 61.7% and using the left mandibular canine index was 65%. The mean Mesiodistal width of right and left mandibular canines and intercanine distance were comparatively more in males than females. Males showed higher mandibular canine widths (right: 6.87 ± 0.39mm, left: 6.95 ± 0.36mm) and greater intercanine distances (maxillary: 34.93 ± 2.00mm, mandibular: 26.93 ± 1.86mm ) than females (right: 6.37 ± 0.45mm, left: 6.32 ± 0.46mm; maxillary: 33.82 ± 2.25mm, mandibular : 25.60 ± 1.70mm )

Conclusion: Left mandibular canine index and inter canine distance are reliable for sex prediction.

Cross-sectional studies; cuspid; forensic dentistry; sex characteristics.